What are the Settings for Laser Engraving on Steel?
Laser engraving on steel requires specific settings to achieve optimal results. The exact parameters can vary depending on the type of laser engraver, the thickness and type of steel, and the desired depth and contrast of the engraving. Here are some general guidelines:
1. Laser Type:
Fiber Lasers: These are the most common and effective lasers for engraving on steel. They are well-suited for marking and engraving metals due to their high absorption rate by metallic surfaces.
2. Power Settings:
Power: Typically, fiber lasers used for steel engraving operate at power levels between 20W and 50W. Higher power can achieve deeper engravings but may also increase the risk of damaging the material.
Pulse Frequency: The pulse frequency (Hz) should be adjusted based on the desired effect. Higher frequencies (e.g., 20-50 kHz) are often used for fine details, while lower frequencies (e.g., 1-10 kHz) can be used for deeper engravings.
3. Speed:
Engraving Speed: The speed at which the laser moves across the steel surface affects the depth and quality of the engraving. Slower speeds (e.g., 100-500 mm/s) generally result in deeper and more pronounced engravings, while faster speeds (e.g., 500-1000 mm/s) are used for lighter marks.
4. Focus:
Focal Length: Proper focusing is crucial for achieving a sharp and precise engraving. The focal length should be adjusted so that the laser beam is concentrated on the surface of the steel.
5. Passes:
Number of Passes: Multiple passes can be used to increase the depth of the engraving. However, too many passes can lead to excessive heat buildup and potential damage to the material. Typically, 1-3 passes are sufficient for most applications.
6. Assist Gas:
Air or Nitrogen: Using an assist gas like compressed air or nitrogen can help to reduce oxidation and improve the quality of the engraving. Nitrogen is often preferred for stainless steel to achieve a clean, oxidation-free mark.
7. Resolution:
DPI (Dots Per Inch): Higher DPI settings (e.g., 500-1000 DPI) will result in finer details and smoother edges, while lower DPI settings (e.g., 200-300 DPI) are suitable for less detailed work.
8. Material Preparation:
Surface Cleaning: Ensure the steel surface is clean and free of oils, dirt, or rust before engraving. This helps to achieve a consistent and high-quality mark.
Surface Treatment: Some applications may benefit from surface treatments like coating removal or pre-treatment with a marking compound to enhance contrast.
9. Cooling:
Cooling System: Ensure that the laser system has an adequate cooling system to prevent overheating during prolonged engraving sessions.
