The Difference of Fiber Laser Marking & CO2 Laser Marking on PVC Material
When marking PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), the choice between fiber laser and CO2 laser significantly impacts the results. Here’s a detailed comparison:
1. Wavelength & Absorption
Fiber Laser (1064 nm, Near-Infrared):
Poorly absorbed by PVC, often requiring additives (e.g., carbon black) for effective marking.
Can cause thermal damage (melting, charring) due to excessive heat buildup.
Best for dark or filled PVC where absorption is higher.
CO2 Laser (10.6 μm, Far-Infrared):
Strongly absorbed by PVC, making it highly efficient for marking.
Produces clean, high-contrast marks (e.g., whitening, engraving) without excessive melting.
Works well on both raw and colored PVC.
2. Marking Effect
Fiber Laser:
Produces dark/black marks (carbonization effect).
Risk of burnt edges or material deformation due to high heat.
Suitable for durable industrial markings (e.g., serial numbers, barcodes).
CO2 Laser:
Creates light/white or frosted marks (foaming effect).
Smoother, more precise engravings with minimal thermal damage.
Ideal for high-contrast, aesthetic markings (e.g., labels, logos).
3. Speed & Precision
Fiber Laser:
Faster for deep engravings on filled PVC.
Higher precision for fine details (e.g., micro text, 2D codes).
CO2 Laser:
Generally slower but more consistent for surface marking.
Better for larger area engravings (e.g., signage).
4. Material Safety
PVC emits toxic chlorine gas when lasered.
CO2 lasers generate less heat, reducing fume production slightly.
Fiber lasers may increase fumes due to higher localized heat.
Ventilation/fume extraction is mandatory for both.
5. Best Choice for PVC?
CO2 Laser is generally preferred for most PVC applications due to better absorption, cleaner marks, and lower risk of thermal damage.
Fiber Laser can be used if high-speed, durable marking is needed on carbon-filled PVC, but with caution for heat effects.
