The relationship between copper nozzle and cutting quality
Many manufacturers now use laser cutting machines in pursuit of high-speed and high-precision cutting of metal sheets. They all know that lasers are the core components, and the power of lasers affects the quality of cutting. But these are just a part. The copper nozzle of laser cutting is also the key to cutting. Let's take a look at the influence of copper nozzle on laser cutting.
1. The relationship between copper nozzle and cutting quality
If the center of the copper nozzle is different from the center of the laser beam, the following problems may occur:
1. The cutting section is not flat. When the auxiliary gas is ejected, because the copper nozzle is not concentric with the laser head, the air flow is not uniform, and it is prone to melt stains on one side of the cut section. This phenomenon rarely occurs for thin plates below 3mm. When cutting plates above 3mm, its impact is more serious, and sometimes it will not be able to cut.
2. Cannot cut at a small angle When cutting workpieces with sharp or small angles, uneven gas ejection may cause partial overmelting of the workpiece.
3. Unstable perforation. The heat is uneven during perforation, and the perforation time is not easy to control. When perforating thick plates, it may cause overmelting due to poor time control, and the penetration conditions are not easy to grasp, which has little effect on the perforation of thin plates.
The concentricity between the center of the nozzle and the laser is one of the important factors that cause the quality of the cutting, especially when the workpiece is cut thicker, its influence is greater. Therefore, the concentricity between the nozzle center and the laser must be adjusted to obtain a better cutting section.
Second, how to choose the aperture of the nozzle
The aperture of the nozzle ranges from φ1.0mm to φ5.0mm. At present, there are two common ones on the market, φ1.5mm and φ2.0mm. The differences between the two are as follows:
1. For thin plates below 3mm, the cutting surface is generally required to be finer, usually φ1.5mm is used. If φ2.0mm is used, the cutting surface will be thicker, and melting stains are likely to be left when cutting corners.
2. For thick plates above 3mm, due to the high laser power, the heat dissipation is slow and the cutting time is also long. If the nozzle of φ1.5mm is used, the gas diffusion area is small when the pipe diameter is small, so it is not stable when used. It is recommended to use φ2. 0mm, the gas diffusion area is large, the gas flow rate is slow, and the cutting is more stable.
3. For the diameter of φ2.5mm and above, it is generally used for cutting thick plates above 10mm.
When the nozzle aperture is larger, the protection of the focusing lens is relatively poor, because the residue splashes more during cutting, and the probability of splashing on the lens is great, which makes the life of the lens shorter.
It is worth noting that when the nozzle is deformed or there is residue on the nozzle, it will have a certain impact on the cutting quality. Therefore, when there are stains on the nozzle, it should be cleaned up in time. The nozzle itself is highly accurate, and it must be installed accurately during installation. If the cutting quality changes significantly due to nozzle problems, the nozzles should be replaced in time.
