The Specific Marking Depth of Different Materials of CO2 Laser Marking Machine

The marking depth of a CO2 laser marking machine depends on several factors, including the material being marked, the laser power, the focal length of the lens, the marking speed, and the number of passes. CO2 lasers, which typically operate at a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers, are particularly effective for marking organic materials, plastics, and some ceramics. Here’s a general overview of the marking depth for different materials:

1. Plastics

• Marking Depth: Typically ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers are excellent for marking on plastics. The depth can vary depending on the type of plastic (e.g., ABS, polycarbonate, acrylic). The laser can create a frosted or engraved effect, with deeper marks achievable by increasing power or reducing speed.

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2. Wood

• Marking Depth: Usually between 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

• Details: Wood is highly responsive to CO2 lasers, allowing for deep engraving. The depth can be controlled by adjusting the laser power and speed. Hardwoods may require more power or slower speeds compared to softwoods.

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3. Glass

• Marking Depth: Generally shallow, around 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can etch glass surfaces, but the depth is usually shallow. The marking is often more about creating a frosted appearance rather than deep engraving. Multiple passes can increase the depth slightly.

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4. Ceramics

• Marking Depth: Typically 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can mark ceramics effectively, but the depth is usually limited. The laser creates a frosted or etched surface rather than deep engraving. The exact depth depends on the type of ceramic and the laser settings.

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5. Paper/Cardboard

• Marking Depth: Very shallow, often less than 0.1 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can cut or mark paper and cardboard with high precision. The depth is minimal, focusing more on surface marking or cutting through the material.

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6. Leather

• Marking Depth: Around 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

• Details: Leather can be engraved or cut with a CO2 laser. The depth depends on the thickness and type of leather. Deeper engravings are possible with higher power settings or slower speeds.

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7. Rubber

• Marking Depth: Typically 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can effectively mark rubber, creating deep engravings or surface marks. The depth can be controlled by adjusting the laser parameters.

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8. Anodized Aluminum

• Marking Depth: Very shallow, usually less than 0.1 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can remove the anodized layer, creating a contrast mark. The depth is minimal, focusing on surface marking rather than deep engraving.

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9. Fabrics/Textiles

• Marking Depth: Very shallow, often less than 0.1 mm.

• Details: CO2 lasers can cut or mark fabrics with high precision. The depth is minimal, focusing on surface marking or cutting through the material.

Key Factors Affecting Marking Depth:

• Laser Power: Higher power can increase marking depth.

• Focal Length: Shorter focal lengths can provide finer control over depth.

• Marking Speed: Slower speeds generally result in deeper marks.

• Number of Passes: Multiple passes can increase the depth of the mark.

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Conclusion:

The specific marking depth achievable with a CO2 laser marking machine varies significantly depending on the material and the machine settings. For deeper engravings, materials like wood and leather are more suitable, while materials like glass and anodized aluminum are better for surface marking. Adjusting the laser parameters allows for precise control over the marking depth.